Epoxy Technical Hierarchy

I have been in the industrial floor coatings manufacturing, and application business for over 24 years. Over the past two decades I have witnessed a company that specializes in formulating floor coatings using a 100% solids resin based epoxy to be used in resurfacing industrial, commercial and residential concrete floors with an advanced "work time" epoxy formula that can be applied just like "Floor Paint".

Epoxy Technical Hierarchy

Epoxy Technical Hierarchy

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Epoxy Technical Hierarchy

Epoxy Technical Hierarchy

Floor Paint & Floor Coating-An Image Rich Technical Analysis for Concrete Floor Protection

Since the inception of Epoxy Resin in 1936 by Dr. Pierre Castan of Switzerland and Dr. S.O. Greenlee of the United States, there have been thousands of combinations of Epoxy formulations for many different industries. Here are some of the leading industries that currently use Epoxy: Floor Paints and coatings, adhesives, industrial tooling and composites, electrical systems and electronics, consumer and marine applications, aerospace applications, art, and wind and energy applications. This article will be focusing on the floor paints and coatings industry, and what the best product is for its application. Although there are many choices one can make when deciding which type of Epoxy to apply, one must understand that there is a clear and definite technical hierarchy. Below is a chart that ranks Epoxy for effectiveness.

Epoxy's Technical Hierarchy

#1 100% Solids Resin based Epoxy 1 to 20 mils Dry Film Thickness (D.F.T.) No solvents/no V.O.C. 2 Component with a 2 to 1 mix Ratio

#2 Solvent Base Epoxy High Build 2 to 4 mils Dry Film Thickness (D.F.T.) 40 to 55% vol. solids with 45 to 60% Solvents Shrinkage and Evaporation 2 Component with a 1 to 1 ratio

#3 Solvent Base Epoxy Low Build 1 to 2 Dry Film Thickness (D.F.T.) 30 to 40% volume solids with 60 to 70% Solvents Shrinkage and Evaporation 2 Component with a 1 to 1 ratio mix ratio

#4 Water Base Epoxy 1 to 1.5 mils Dry Film Thickness (D.F.T.) 30 to 40% vs. with 60 to 70% Shrinkage and Evaporation 2 component with a 1 to 1 mix ratio and or 1 component

#5 Water borne Epoxy Same as #4 Same as #4 Same as #4

#6 Modified Epoxy sealer 1 to 2 mils Dry Film Thickness (D.F.T.) 5% Epoxy additive with approx. 30% of other active ingredients and fillers. 30 to 40% vs. with 60 to 70% Shrinkage and Evaporation 1 component moisture cured product

#7 Oil Base Acrylic Enamel (Porch and Deck Paint) 1 to 1.5 mils Dry Film Thickness (D.F.T.) 30 to 40% vs. with 60 to 70% Solvents Shrinkage and Evaporation 1 component moisture cured product

#8 Moisture cured Polyurethane Sealers Same as # 6 Same as # 6 1 component moisture cured product

#9 Acid Stains No mil rating of thickness Penetrating Sealer with concrete to chemical color reaction properties upon contact 1 component moisture cured product

#10 Water Base Stain No mil rating of thickness Penetrating water based stain sealer 1 component moisture cured product

#11 Standard Sealers: Applications for concrete patio's, sidewalks, driveways, brick pavers and stampings. NA NA 1 Component

Advantages

100% Solids Epoxy (Resin base, Industrial Grade) epoxy floor paint floor coating is far superior to all other concrete floor paints, floor sealers and floor stains available today. 100% Solids Epoxy was developed as a "High performance protective floor coating" to protect concrete floor surfaces from high traffic volume of hilos (tires/steel forks )constant wear and tear to the concrete floors surface.

Along with wear and tear to concrete floor surfaces, mechanical machines and equipment also leak oils and fluids. Without proper concrete floor protection, such as the recommended 100% Solids Epoxy, these oils and fluids will be absorbed through the concrete and into the soil beneath, resulting in contamination and potential deterioration to the floor surface. Consequently, these oils and fluids in the soil can potentially lead to environmental concerns in the future.

Concrete surfaces are very porous and soft compared to the 100% Solids Epoxy floor paint. That being said, imagine the concrete surface acting as a big "sponge" that holds and retains water, fluids, dirt, oil, grease, dust, mold and other substances that absorb into a porous surface. Unprotected concrete floor surfaces will yield a decreased life span. 100% Solids Epoxy is a permanent solution to the problems listed above. The following are other very important advantages when using 100% Solids Epoxy floor paint:

Surface restoration and repair Increased Light reflectivity Resists hot tire marks Chemical resistant Abrasion resistant Industrial grade Easy to clean Slip resistant Salt resistant Oil resistant Self leveling High gloss Aesthetics

CONCRETE SURFACE PREPARATION

Concrete Floor surface preparation For New or Old Concrete Floor surfaces must be clean contaminate free and profiled (etched) for proper bonding/adhesion of 100% solids epoxy floor paint & floor coating.

NEW CONCRETE FLOORS:

Contaminate free concrete floors must be mechanically surface profiled by either a diamond grinder or a shot blaster or chemically etched with a recommended 4 to 1 part ratio acid base or "Inorganic Acid" concrete cleaner and etcher.

OLD CONCRETE FLOORS:

(1). Oil soaked, dirty, greasy, spalled, or cracked concrete floors must be degreased cleaned by a heavy concentrated degreaser followed by rinse bath. Repeat until satisfied.

(2). Fill all cracks with recommended cementitious cracker filler and/or any non-silicone base epoxy, polyurethane joint sealant that is paintable.

(3). Profile surface by recommended Mechanical method or chemical etch method.

100% Solids Epoxy Resin Base Industrial Grade is the only choice for concrete floor protection to paint your garage, shop, and basement or for any indoor concrete floor surface that you desire.

See below: List of all other products available for concrete floors in today's market, starting with the best product at the top of the list which is (100% Solids Epoxy) followed by their rating of performance levels from wear and tear to mil thickness and chemical resistance.

EPOXY GUARD- 2 PARTS EPOXY PRODUCT DESCRIPTION TECHNICAL

Epoxy Guard Floor Coating is a two-component epoxy resin, containing no solvents or coal tar. Epoxy Guard Epoxy Resin is designed for use in both interior and exterior (if top coated) applications. BASIC USES Epoxy Guard is recommended for several basic applications:

As a base resin used as a coating, to encapsulate wear resistant aggregates and as a lock coat. As an overlay with aggregate, to provide traction and wear resistance to concrete floors. Filled with silica sand, aluminum oxide or other suitable wear resistant filler.

LIMITATIONS

Epoxy Guard should be installed above 40F.

PACKAGING

Available in 3 Gallon, and 5 Gallon (Kit / units).

STANDARD COLORS

Light Gray Tan Dark Gray

INSTALLATION

Shot blasting must be employed to provide a sound, clean substrate. In areas where shot blasting is not feasible, consult the manufacturer for other methods of surface preparation such as concrete acid etching / cleaning. Apply Epoxy Guard Resin to a dry surface.

Coating System: Parts A and B should be mixed separately before combining. When combined mix thoroughly with a low speed motor and "Jiffy" paddle, always scrape the container sides and paddle blades. Do not aerate the mix.

Mix ratio: 2 Part A to 1 Part B by Volume.

Property Test Method Test Results Weight per Gallon

10.1 lbs/gal. Hardness (Shore D) ASTM D2240 70-80

Viscosity @ 77F(24C) ASTM D2196 2000-5000 cps

Cure Time @ 75F(24C) ASTM C920 12-24 hours

Abrasion Resistance ASTM D4060 Tabor 1000 rev CS17 Wheel, 1000 g Loss 0.08 grams

Weathering Resistance ASTM G53-83 Yellowing

Tensile Strength ASTM D412 5800 psi

Ultimate Elongation ASTM D412 15.00%

Tear Resistance ASTM D1004 180 pli

% Yield 99.00%

Port Life @ ASTM C603 45 minutes

Shelf Life @ 77F(25C) (2 years in sealed containers)

Chemical Resistance Unaffected by gasoline, oils, and coolants

Concrete Overlay:

Use as a slurry coat to add strength and wear resistance. Mix Parts A & B, then add fine silica sand, aluminum oxide or other suitable filler. The amount added will dictate the resulting density and surface texture. Epoxy Resin can be left as cured, or it can be top coated with a urethane to enhance the color and wear resistance.

EPOXY PRO APPLICATION PROCESS

After completing the pre surface cleaning it's as easy as 1, 2, 3.

MIXING

Pre-mix the Part A resin thoroughly. Pour Part A and then Part B into the 6-gallon bucket (Ratio:2 parts A to 1 part B by volume). Begin mixing for no less than 3 minutes using a Drill motor and the included mixing wand.

APPLICATION

Trim all the edges using the included 2 inch trim brush. Squeegee and back roll 3 to 5 foot sections until the surface area is complete.

DECORATIVE FLECK

Epoxy Technical Hierarchy

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The Importance of Aloe Vera - Medical Purposes and Components

Aloe vera may be found in most of the continents of Asia, Africa, Europe, and America. The species of this plant could grow up to 48 inches tall while aloe vera leaves extend up to 20 inches in length. It is commonly found in areas which are arid and barren in nature. Most of the time, it is best to keep the plant inside your houses as it does not need much water for it to live. Its main component is 99% water, thus moist communities are not necessary.

The Importance of Aloe Vera - Medical Purposes and Components

The Importance of Aloe Vera - Medical Purposes and Components

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The Importance of Aloe Vera - Medical Purposes and Components

The Importance of Aloe Vera - Medical Purposes and Components

Medical purposes of aloe vera

Aloe vera is known for its various medical uses. For these reasons alone, it is safe to conclude that the plant is indeed very important for all of us. In order to ascertain its essence, you may want to take a look at the following medical conditions treated by the plant:

o    Sunburns. Aloe vera could treat your skin that has been overexposed to the sun.  The burning sensation brought about by the heat could definitely be taken away by the extract from the plant. It will not at all cause any redness or irritation on the surface.

o    Eczema. This is a known skin condition which is characterized by reddening and itching of the skin accompanied by the formation of scaly and crusty patches. The worst scenario of this dreaded disease is the fact that some sort of liquid may leak from its eruption. The aloe vera essence is used in order to relieve the patient from pain and inflammation.

o    Acne. This skin disorder usually seen on the face causes a lot of emotional disturbances to people with the case. One of the contributing ingredients for acne creams is the aloe vera gel. The component usually helps stabilize the condition of the face thus moisturizing it.

o    Wounds. The use of aloe juice to treat wounds showed how fast the cut would heal. It seals the skin while working rapidly for your skin to restore its health. It helps repair the damaged skin and aids it from probable instances of rupture.

The important component of aloe vera

One of the most notable components of the aloe vera which makes it work fast at healing all the above-mentioned conditions is the good carbohydrate element.  This is usually found on the leaves of the plant. With this beneficial effect, manufacturers worldwide used the sap in order to manufacture beauty products and other over-the-counter medications.

Aside from these features, food enthusiasts find the aloe vera extract necessary in preservation of goods. They have considered injecting the compound into their products in order to lengthen shelf life. Since the gel is odorless and tasteless, it is found to be a safe alternative to other food preservatives.

Indeed, the aloe vera plant is important. You may not notice and recognize how good it could be but in more ways than one, it could truly help. Take note of the list of things it could do, and you would surely believe how versatile the plant is for everyday living.

Related Articles:

The Importance of Aloe Vera - Medical Purposes and Components

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How to Get Free Samples of Anti-Wrinkle Cream

You may or may not believe it but you can get free samples of anti-wrinkle cream! Wrinkle cream is used in the hope that it will get rid of those lines and wrinkles that come with aging. Sometimes they actually work and keep your skin looking younger longer.

How to Get Free Samples of Anti-Wrinkle Cream

How to Get Free Samples of Anti-Wrinkle Cream

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How to Get Free Samples of Anti-Wrinkle Cream

How to Get Free Samples of Anti-Wrinkle Cream

Anti-wrinkle cream has all kinds of ingredients in it. I was angered when I find out some of the harmful ingredients that some manufacturers use' actually know they are harmful but use them anyway! They may list them under other names. Some manufacturers' are in such a hurry to get their product on the shelf before their competitors that sometimes the product is not researched as well as it should be.

Parabens may be listed as different kinds such ethyl parabens as a classic example. Some manufacturers want their product on the shelves as long as possible so they use these parabens in their products. Parabens are used to extend the life of the product and in the end, do more harm than good to us as consumers. Parabens may be carcinogenic or interfere with your endocrine system.

Mineral oil has many uses but skin care should not be one of them. It may be listed as liquid paraffin, paraffin wax, or petrolatum. Skin needs to be able to "breathe" and get rid of toxins but mineral oil will "smother" the skin and not allow this process. Eventually, your skin could become dependent on it. If it is used for a long period of time it can cause dryness and other skin irritations.

A synthetic substance that is a derivative of coconut called dioxane is frequently used in skin care products even free samples of anti-wrinkle cream. A high concentration of dioxane 1,4 is a chemical known to be carcinogenic - cause cancer. I shudder to think how many of us have used products with this and other harmful ingredients.

Everybody likes to smell nice, it feels good. Fragrances should not be added to skin care products because they themselves may actually be made with other toxic substances. A little dab of perfume or cologne in the right spot is all that is needed to smell good.

Alcohols are extremely drying and irritating to the skin. Not each alcohol though has the same properties. They may be listed as ethanol, ethyl alcohol. methanol, benzyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol and SD alcohol. They destroy the skins natural acid mantle. This can leave you more prone to viruses, bacteria, and moulds.

Now for the good news!

There are ingredients that are very effective when added to skin care products in high enough concentrations. These three active ingredients are the most Powerful and beneficial ingredients for our skin over the long term. They are natural and bring back our bodies own ability to create and maintain natural beautiful skin.

The newest substance is called Cynergy TK. It works by helping the body re-grow collagen and elastin on its own. It helps to keep your skin firm and it also keeps it flexible over the long term, not just short term like many of the products available today. This simply means it can return to its natural position after being stretched. Cynergy TK helps the much needed moisture stay in the skin which has been demonstrated in many studies.

Coenzyme Q10 or CoQ10 is a very Powerful antioxidant. Anti-oxidants destroy free radicals (unpaired neurons) before they can cause any damage. There are many types of CoQ10 and not all are the same. In this form it cannot penetrate the skin. There is a nano-emulsion form called Nano-lipobelle H-EQ10 and this form can easily be absorbed by the skin down to 7 layers. Like other important substances, CoQ10 decreases with age.

An exotic kelp from the Japanese Sea is called Phytessence Wakame. It blocks the dangerous enzyme hyaluronidase and keeps it from destroying the skins natural hyaluronic acid. Without it, skin becomes wrinkled, sags, and the brown circles under the eyes appear. Hyaluronic acid acts like a "glue" that hold collagen and elastin fibers together. Hyaluronan is an important component of your skin where it helps in tissue repair.

Finding free samples of anti-wrinkle creams may not be as difficult as it may seem. Many cosmetic departments have Miniature packages of various skin care products. They give them to customers to try for free. Many manufacturers' with websites may offer you a free sample to be sent to your address. In some cases if you ask the company outright if you can test their product, they may give it to you. Some companies will let you try their products risk free, so if you are unhappy, or it doesn't work for you, you can send it back and get refunded 100%

How to Get Free Samples of Anti-Wrinkle Cream

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Building Your Own Wood Wall Shelves - Alternative to Purchasing Shelving Units

Wall shelves can serve as both decorative pieces and storage units to almost anywhere in the house. They can be positioned in the corner of a bedroom or living room. They can also be installed as hanging or wall mounted in an office, kitchen or study room.

Building Your Own Wood Wall Shelves - Alternative to Purchasing Shelving Units

Building Your Own Wood Wall Shelves - Alternative to Purchasing Shelving Units

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Building Your Own Wood Wall Shelves - Alternative to Purchasing Shelving Units

Building Your Own Wood Wall Shelves - Alternative to Purchasing Shelving Units

The most common choice among shelving units are the wooden wall shelves. Compared to other options, they are more stable and so they can hold more items of heavier weight. Apart from that, they also add a classic feel into a room that can not be perfectly pulled off by other materials.

However, wooden furniture, wooden shelves including, are usually a bit more expensive than others. There may still be some that can be purchased in cheaper prices but then, they are either used or with defects. If they are neither used nor with defects, it could be that their designs or carvings are not of quality or up for your taste.

To spare yourself from spending too much while making sure that the wooden shelf you get is exactly what you want and need, why not make your own unit? If you have the time and the skill, what's there to stop you from doing it? It is best alternative to purchasing wood wall shelves, so why not get into it?

And in order to make the construction of your very own wooden shelving unit a success, here are some tips that you should always remember.

Decide what kind of wood you will use for the unit. There are many types of woods suitable to be used as shelves. There is the oak, pine, maple, cherry and others. If you want, you can use recycled wood for your shelf. Select the area where the shelf will be placed and take the exact measurement. This is to make sure that the shelf will fit perfectly, not a bit large or a bit small, for the space allotted. Plan the design of your shelf. Make sure that you will make will meet what you need for a shelf. For example, if there is a possibility that more items will be placed into the shelving unit in the near future, you may want to make adjustable to which additional panels can be added. Before you start the actual making of your wooden shelf, gather all the tools that you will need first. That will save you from going back and forth to retrieve the tools that you will need for the moment. When done, paint and varnish the unit. Choose a paint that suits well to the room where it will be placed. After that, apply a protective varnish to finish your work.

With making your own wood wall shelves you really can save money while ending up with a quality products. However, if you are just not into building things, you can still get a wood shelving unit that is not that expensive. You just have to be very patient when looking for them though.

Building Your Own Wood Wall Shelves - Alternative to Purchasing Shelving Units

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Lipid Digestion

Most natural whole foods have inherent enzymes capable of completely or partially digesting lipids if the enzymes are not destroyed through heat and processing. This widely underestimated value of whole, raw, fresh foods has been by and large ignored.

Lipid Digestion

Lipid Digestion

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Lipid Digestion

Lipid Digestion

A common argument against the value of inherent food enzymes is the presumed inhospitability of the gastrointestinal tract to all complex proteins. In other words, it is argued that enzymes within the food would simply be broken down into individual amino acids and would not have a chance to effect their enzymatic action which depends upon intact secondary and tertiary structure, the folding of protein chains.

There is considerable evidence, however, that enzymes as well as other macromolecules are able to survive the rigors of digestion. Examples include the ability of bacteria, salivary ptyalin, amylase and pollen to not only survive the digestive tract but be absorbed into the circulation.1-3 Another interesting example of the importance of natural food enzymes is the capability of bile activated lipase in milk to pass into the small intestine intact. This enzyme has thus far been identified in human, dog, cat and non-human primate raw mammary milk. If the enzyme is destroyed through pasteurization, growth has been shown to be cut in half compared to those receiving the enzyme in the whole, raw, natural product. 4-6

Although inherent food enzymes may be a virtue of raw natural foods since they can assist in the digestive process, they are often the enemy in processed foods. Lipase, for example, has the capability under the right conditions to begin hydrolyzing fatty acids from their glycerol backbone. However, this is undesirable in processed foods since once the fatty acids are split they may then more readily degrade and create various off-flavors as well as potentially toxic oxidized molecules. Lipoxygenase found in some raw seeds can catalyze the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. Such nutrient degrading enzymes are inactivated by heat (and germination -- a better way) in processing methods. 7

Fresh "from the vine" fatty acids are still ensconced within protective cells and normally do not degrade unless separated from their natural context. Lipoxygenase in soybeans, for example, is activated as soon as the bean is split. Thus food enzymes are an enemy to the food processor who seeks shelf life, but a potential nutritional benefactor.

Food enzymes prepared from microbiological cultures can be used as supplements to replace enzymes lost during processing. These dried, or oil emulsified products, are activated only when hydrated in the digestive tract and can assist in the digestive process.8

DIGESTIVE MECHANISMS
Endogenous digestion proceeds through many steps. When a food is eaten, mastication helps separate the fats from the other components of the food. This permits digestion by enzyme systems which allow less than 5% of fats to pass undigested. Digestion can begin with the secretion of serous glands on the back of the tongue in some species, including humans, continue in the stomach through the action of gastric lipase, and be completed by pancreatic lipase excreted into the small intestine. As lipids enter the duodenum, various hormones such as secretin and cholecystokinin are stimulated. These hormones influence lipid digestion by affecting the pH of the intestinal contents, the release of pancreatic lipase, and the secretion of bile.

The increase in pH that occurs as the food bolus Moves into the duodenum is necessary for the activity of pancreatic lipase. Secretion of bile salts from the liver emulsifies the products of lipolysis incorporating them into micelles which are complexes of bile salts, phospholipid molecules, and cholesterol. (Fig. 11)

[ Micelle Transport Image ]
[http://www.wysong.net/articles/lipid/figures/figure11.jpg]

Shorter chain fatty acids complexed with albumin are capable of being absorbed both in the stomach and in the small intestine. Longer chain triglycerides are disassembled in the small intestine by lipase, solubilized in micelles, and transported into mucosal cells (enterocytes) as free fatty acids. monoglycerides and small amounts of glycerol, diglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids. Once in the mucosal cell these components are reassembled into triglycerides, then complexed with protein, carbohydrate or phosphate and incorporated into chylomicrons which are a type of lipoprotein that permits transport of lipids within the watery medium of the blood. The inner core of the chylomicron is composed of nonpolar triglycerides and cholesterol esters, and the membrane is polar being made up of phospholipids, cholesterol, and proteins which permit solubility in blood. (Fig. 12)

[ Lipid Absorption Image ]
[http://www.wysong.net/articles/lipid/figures/figure12.jpg]

Many more details of lipid digestion have been worked out quite intricately by researchers.9-14 It is interesting to note in this process that the principle of nothing working in isolation holds particularly true. The coordination of a variety of factors within the food itself and within the organism makes possible delivering lipids to the organism for energy and myriad metabolic processes.

Fats are not simply consumed and then passively absorbed through the walls of the intestine. Rather they are prepared by intricate emulsification systems, broken down in specific patterns by enzymes, absorbed by complex mechanisms, reassembled, and prepared for delivery to the body through complexing with a variety of other nutrients. These processes make it possible for non-water-soluble lipid components to be delivered efficiently throughout organisms which are comprised primarily of water… an incredible feat.

References available within book text, click the following link to view this article on wysong.net:
[http://www.wysong.net/articles/lipid/03_article_lipid_chapter_three_lipid_digestion.shtml]

For further reading, or for more information about, Dr Wysong and the Wysong Corporation please visit http://www.wysong.net or write to wysong@wysong.net. For resources on healthier foods for people including snacks, and breakfast cereals please visit [http://www.cerealwysong.com].

Lipid Digestion

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Pergola Plans - How to Build a Pergola Attached to House

It's easy to get discouraged about building a pergola when you look at pergola plans, designs, and photos on the Web. Sure it would be nice to build a replica of the Taj Mahal in your backyard, but who can really afford something like that, much less have the skills to build it? I think what most people are looking for are smaller, more modest pergolas they can build themselves without a contractor. It won't be the easiest outdoor project you'll ever take on, but if you keep the plan design simple, just about any DIYer can build a nice-looking pergola without spending a fortune.

Pergola Plans - How to Build a Pergola Attached to House

Pergola Plans - How to Build a Pergola Attached to House

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Pergola Plans - How to Build a Pergola Attached to House

Pergola Plans - How to Build a Pergola Attached to House

Most houses in my part of the country have a small deck off the kitchen or master bedroom. That seems to be standard for new construction. Problem is that these open decks get blasted continuously with sunLight, and will bake you alive in summer if you try to spend any time out there.

And that's not to mention the sunLight damage to your deck boards. So what I've seen a lot of people do is simply attach a pergola to the side of the house and let the rafters hang over the deck or patio. This blocks just enough sun to make spending time outside more pleasant, as well as give a deck or patio a little added protection from UV rays.

That's not to say you necessarily have to attach a pergola to the side of your house. There are plenty of pergola plans for building free-standing structures, maybe something that will sit a little farther out in the yard. You'll want to understand the difference between these two kinds of construction, though (attached pergolas and stand-alone pergolas) because one is definitely not like the other.

Attached Pergola
By far, the easier approach to building a pergola is to attach it to the side of your house, garage, or some other existing structure. The idea is to use the stability of what's already in your yard to keep your pergola in place. This means less planning, fewer materials, and much quicker construction than building a free-standing pergola. If you already have a deck in place, this will make the job even easier. An existing deck gives you the perfect foundation for mounting the main posts of a pergola, which is a key component in making your pergola stay upright. The other key component of an attached pergola is the ledger - a board that you'll attach to the side of your house to support the rafters. If you can get these two structural components set up properly, constructing the rest of an attached pergola is fairly easy

Stand-Alone Pergola
A stand alone pergola can be a stunning addition to your backyard or patio. These kinds of pergola plans, though, are a little more challenging than the type you attach to the side of your house. As with any kind of free-standing structure, you'll need a secure foundation to keep the pergola from blowing over in a brisk wind. This means having to dig at least four holes in the ground and then setting posts in concrete to create footings. Keep in mind that any time you start digging holes around your house you run the risk of hitting something that the city might have buried there (like cable and gas lines). Call your utility companies first to let them know about your project plans. They'll come out and mark the location of any buried cables you might have around the house. After that you'll be ready to go. If all this sounds a little intimidating...laying out footings, digging post holes, pouring concrete...you might consider finding a contractor to take on this stage of the pergola project. This will free you up to concentrate on building the frame, rafters, and other more decorative parts of a pergola.

Pergola Plans - How to Build a Pergola Attached to House

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How to Build Wooden Shelving

There are many people out there look to find out how to build wooden shelving. The fact is that it is not all that hard, and we are going to look at the basic things that you are going to need. We are also going to look at the basic starting process of hot to build wooden shelving.

How to Build Wooden Shelving

How to Build Wooden Shelving

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How to Build Wooden Shelving

How to Build Wooden Shelving

The first thing that you need to know is that you cannot just use a piece of wood and a bracket to make a shelf. Now, yes, it might seem like is it that easy, but there are many different types of shelves out there, ones that look like home made shelves, and those that look like they were made by a professional. The great thing about it is that you are able to make them both, if you want to go with the ones that look like that are made by a professional you will have to follow certain steps and you will need to know exactly how to build wooden shelving, even before you start.

The first piece of the puzzle is the wooden component. You will need to first figure out what type of wood you are going to use. This does depend on where you are suing the shelf. You do not want to get dark rooms in your bed room, unless of course you are going for that darker feel in there. However, most f the time you will need to take Lighter wood in a bed room.

If you want to make use of dark wood you will find that the living room, or TV room is the best place for that. Here you can go all out and put wood just about anywhere. If you have wooden floors, however, you will want to get a matching wood to use for your shelving, otherwise it is going to end up looking a little funny.

Now, wood in not the only thing you are going to need. You will need to get screws, saws and sander as well as a lot of other things if you are going to build a professional looking shelf for your home or to hang on your wall.

You will also have to remember that the shelf that hangs on the wall will not be the same type of shelf that stands on the floor and that holds your TV and other heavy appliances. You will have to get heavy duty shelving for this job, so you will need to read up on that too, that is of course if you are going to build your own TV and component units.

To start off with, if you are looking to save a little money, you will want to get your pieces of wood precut for you. This will require you to take precise measurements, so be careful and start doing that before you do anything else. If you do it right you will know exactly how to build wooden shelving, because you will have planned it all on paper first.

How to Build Wooden Shelving

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